Universal History Annotation << Back NOBEL PRIZES LAUREATES FOR 2014 V.M. Tyutyunnik, D.S. Ryazanov, O.A. Yevseyeva Review of basic biographical information and scientifi c achievements of all scientists awarded Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and memorial prize in Economics for the year 2014 are submitted. Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Japanize scientists Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano also American-Japanize investigator Shuji Nakamura for the invention of effi cient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources; The Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to American researchers Eric Betzig and William Esco Moerner also Germanic physicist Stefan Walter Hell for the development of super-resolved fl uorescence microscopy; Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Britain-American neurologist John O’Keefe, also to spouses May-Britt Moser and Edvard Ingjald Moser – physiologists from Norwegian – for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain; Nobel Prize in Literature awarded to French prose writer Patrick Modiano for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life-world of the occupation; Nobel Peace Prize awarded to Kailash Satyarthi (India) and Malala Yousafzai (Pakistan) for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education; memorial prize in Economics awarded to France economists. Keywords: Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, memorial Prize in Economics for 2014. Contacts: E-mail: vmtyutyunnik@hotmail.com, E-mail: vmt@tmb.ru, E-mail: evseeva-ne@eandex.ru Pp. 03-16.