Universal History Annotation << Back COMMODITY BEEKEEPING OF KABARDA IN THE LATE XIX–EARLY XX CENTURIES T.A. Dzughanov, A.V. Gucheva, M.A. Hokonov The article examines the main points associated with the development of commodity beekeeping in Kabarda in the late XIX–early XX centuries. An attempt is made to determine the nature and vector of its development in the post-reform period and the development of market relations. It is established that the separation of this branch of subsistence farming into a commercial enterprise occurred quite early and already in the 18th century. beekeeping as a kind of entrepreneurship, has the characteristic features of commodity production, and honey and wax become the most important part of Kabardian exports. It is noted that for the Kabardian producers, including beekeepers, trade relations with Russia since the XVIII century. were priority, and the development of this trade was hampered by the lack of an established transport infrastructure, and remoteness from large industrial and commercial centers of Russia. It is concluded that, despite all the political and socio-economic upheavals of the fi rst half of the 19th century, related to the colonization of the North Caucasus and the implementation of reforms in the 1960s. XIX century, the beekeeping industry of the national economy, as can be seen from the documents, by the beginning of the 20th century, remaining an integral part of the traditional Kabardian economy was able not only to survive, but also to be reconstructed according to the conditions dictated by the developing market. Keywords: Russia; Kabarda; Nalchik district; agriculture; beekeeping; honey; wax; trade; marketability; market. DOI: 10.25791/vseist.04.2018.322 Contacts: E-mail: anggucheva@mail.ru Pp. 13-20.