Universal History Annotation << Back MASYUMI AS THE LEADING PARTY OF POLITICAL ISLAM IN INDONESIA: HISTORY AND IDEOLOGY (1943–1960) M.V. Kyrchanov The article analyzes the features of development and the main vectors of the transformation of the Masyumi party in 1943–1960. It is shown that Masyumi became the largest and most successful party of Indonesian political Islam in the 20th century. It is assumed that Masyumi’s activity in the political processes of Indonesian society in the middle of the 1940s and the early 1960s contributed to the consolidation of political Islam as a factor in the development of Indonesia. The author analyzes the contribution of the Ummah to the functioning of political Islam, which symbolized the Muslim alternative to secular nationalism and communism. It is assumed that Muslim politicians were able to form a successful model of participation in political life, which allowed them to turn Masyumi into the second most important and infl uential party in Indonesia. The article shows the role of ideological contradictions between the supporters of political Islam and secular nationalism. The author analyzes 1) the problems of the history of the Masyumi party, 2) the peculiarities of the ideology of political Islam in the discourse of Masyumi, 3) the historical significance of Masyumi as a form of institutionalization of political Islam. In general, the presented article shows that the Muslim politicians who consolidated around Masyumi turned the party into an important factor in the political life of Indonesia. The article also analyzes the late stage of Masyumi’s history, when party activists entered into open confrontation with the secular ruling political elites, which led to the ban and liquidation of the party in 1960. Keywords: Islam, Indonesia, political Islam, political parties, Muslim parties, Masyumi. DOI: 10.25791/vseist.03.2023.1183 Pp. 31-40.