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Universal History

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On Some of the Rights and Duties of the Higher Privileged Class in the Kumyk State Formations in the Second Half of the XVIII century: According to the Norms of the Law of the Nobility
Huseynov Yu.M.

The article, based on special literature and archival material, reveals the topic of the infl uence of the adat on the higher
privileged classes in the Kumyk state formations in the second half of the XVIII century. The Kumyk state formations have a strict
social structure. At the top of the social hierarchical pyramid there were shamkhals and beks in the Tarkovsky shamkhaldom,
and princes in the Prisulak kingdoms.
The norms of customary law protected the rights and property of the upper class. Any illegal act committed by the prince had
a milder punishment compared to the subject population.
The adats of the Kumyks also assumed the provision of etiquette privileges to the prince. So, the bridles were obliged to assist
the prince when boarding a horse, show respect and reverence to him on the street and godekan.
Among the duties of the upper class was the fi ght against blood feuds, forgery of documents and wills. For these violations,
the perpetrator was severely punished according to the norms of kumyks.
Keywords: adat, shamkhal, prince, Nazru, Kumyks, tukhum, Kumyk plane, Dagestan.


DOI: 10.25791/vseist.03.2024.1207

Pp. 59-63.

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