Universal History Annotation << Back Neo-Ottomanism; Neo-Islamism and Neo-Panturkism as Elements of the "Soft Power" Strategy of the Turkish Republic in Relation to the Turkic-Speaking Regions of the Russian Federation at the Turn of the XX–XXI Centuries Chaikovskaya Т.V. The article deals with the elements of the "soft power" strategy of the Republic of Turkey at the turn of XX–XXI centuries, such as: neoOttomanism, neo-Islamism, neo-Panturkism. The author gives a brief characterisation of the above-mentioned elements, paying attention to their common historical roots, place and role in the political life of the Republic of Turkey in the XX–XXI centuries. Also, the author studied the foreign policy activities of the Turkish authorities on the territory of the Turkic-speaking republics of the Russian Federation and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (until 2014, which was part of Ukraine), aimed at implementing the neo-Ottomanist concept of foreign policy. The results of the study showed that Turkey's political weight in the Turkic-speaking regions was increased by the collapse of the Soviet Union, in the former territories of which Ankara successfully pursued a policy of "soft power". This proved to be a very effective means of creating a positive image of Turkey in the eyes of other Turkic peoples, against the background of the decline of cultural, humanitarian and economic development of post-Soviet states in the 1990s. The Turks skilfully managed to integrate into the cultural, educational, trade and economic processes of the Turkic-speaking republics and made huge investments in infrastructure development. However, the Turkish authorities were not yet able to realise their main foreign policy idea of uniting all Turks under the leadership of the Turkish government at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries. Keywords: Neo-Ottomanism; Neo-Islamism; Neo-Panturkism; "soft power"; post-Soviet space; Turkic-speaking regions; Republic of Crimea; cultural and humanitarian cooperation. Pp. 16-26.